Atlas during construction (the person illustrates the sheer size of Atlas)
Atlas is one of the general purpose detectors which will start operation in 2008 at the the CERN proton collider, to study the Higgs boson.
Goals:
Atlas is one of the two general purpose detectors installed at the LHC scheduled to start operation in mid-2008. Atlas brings experimental physics into new territory. Discovering new processes and particles that change our understanding of energy and matter would be most exciting. Atlas will learn about the basic forces that have shaped our universe since the beginning of time and that will determine its fate. Fundamental questions arrise: Why do fundamental particles have such different masses ? How do particles acquire their mass ? To explain these mysteries, theories predict a new particle, the Higgs boson whose field could give mass to all the other particles. The existence of new particles is conjectured in models beyond the Standard Model, one of which is Super Symmetry; it postulates new particles related to the known particles where a matter particle (fermion) has a force carrier (boson) as partner, and vice versa. Possible implications are extra dimensions in space-time and mini black holes.
At the very beginning of the universe, equal amounts of matter and antimatter existed. If matter and antimatter were exact miror images of each other, they would have completely annihilated to leave only energy. But why was some of the matter left over to create galaxies, the solar system with our planet, and... us ? Atlas will explore the tiny diffeence that exists between matter and antimatter. LHC will recreate the conditions of the universe just after the Big Bang to understand why the universe is like it is today. Atlas will investigate why the matter of the universe is dominated by an unknown type called dark matter. If constituants of dark matter are new particles, Atlas should discover them and elucidate the mystery of dark matter.
Themes/Associated programs
Partial view of Atlas, in mid-2007
Areal view of CERN: the underground LHC ring is shown in red.
Context
Starting in 2008, Atlas will observe dramatic head-on collisions of pairs of protons whose total energy is 14 TeV. The protons are accelerated to these record high energies by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) - an underground accelerator ring 27 km in circumference located at the CERN laboratory near Geneva.
Atlas was approved in 1995, and is one of the large general purpose experiments operating at the LHC.
Dapnia also contributes to the second large experiment with similar goals: CMS.
Contributions by Dapnia
Liquid argon and lead absorber
Fabrication and assembly of 40 % of the barrel calorimeter (mecanical engineering, cryogeny, control)
Electronics (analog signal summation and filters); radiation hard electronics (DMILL process)
Alignment System for muon chambers with optical devices (≈ 30 microns)
Measurement and mapping of the magnetic fields in Atlas.
Detailed detector description
Computation of the magnetic field map
Track reconstruction in the muon spectrometer
Detector end event display
Physics analyses
Standard Model Physics
Precision measurements of the top quark mass and the W boson
Search for the Higgs boson
Search for new particles
Contacts:
last update : 03-17 00:00:00-2010 (2225)
The ultimate constituents of matter 
Physics at the LHC
The Electronics, Detectors and Computing Division The Nuclear Physics Division The Particle Physics Division Accelerators, Cryogenics and Magnetism Department (SACM) The Systems Engineering Division
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GOAL
Muons can penetrate through the calorimeters and reach the outermost part of ATLAS, known as the muon spectrometer. This spectrometer surrounds the calorimeters and measures the trajectories of muons to determine their direction, their electric charge and their momentum. This happens inside a volume of magnetic field produced by superconducting toroïd magnets. The detection elements (the muon chambers) are made of thousands of metal tubes equiped with a central wire and filled with gas. As a muon passes through these tubes, it leaves a trail of electrically charged ions and electrons which drift to the sides and center of the tube. By measuring the time it takes ... More » |
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Dapnia responsibilities
Dapnia is responsible for the integration of the eight superconducting coils in their cold mass and in their cryostat. The laboratory is also in charge of defining the assembly process, of the design of the handling equipment for the coils in the toroid, and for the quality control of assembly in the cavern. Dapnia had also a strong and close collaboration with Cern who manages the infrastructure of the assembly hall and with LASA Milano, the INFN laboratory responsible for the in-kind delivery of half of the conductor and for all the windings and thermal shields.
Dapnia realizations
Engineering of barrel coils
Engineering of the toroid structure ... More » |
