Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers

The presentation is devoted to some aspects of nuclear waste transmutation not forgetting non-proliferation issues. It starts with a survey of attempts to define the notion of 'proliferation resistance' in quantitative terms. Then it proceeds with an exercise of 'transmutation + non-proliferation' approach in transmutation studies. Finally, I will introduce a concept of the innovative ADS system for nuclear waste transmutation, consisting of a spallation target and a sub-critical nuclear core, both based on gas cooled high temperature technologies. Importance of the nuclear data for minor actinides will be emphasized.