The question of our place in the Universe - "where are we in the Universe?" - is a fascinating one, and the source of one of the oldest sciences: Cosmography, the mapping of the Cosmos. Using a method based on the study of the velocity fields of galaxies measured by different telescopes, cosmographers - a team of researchers from the CEA, the University of Hawaii and the University of Queensland - reconstruct the cosmic web of our nearby Universe and reveal its architecture, revealing large structures of superclusters of galaxies, but also large voids, shaped by gravitation [1].
Daniel Pomarède, from Irfu, has been in charge of mapping Cosmicflows catalogues and displaying them in 3D and interactively since 2010. Between 2014 and today, their catalogue has grown from 8,000 to 56,000 galaxies, and the map is expanding with the inclusion of a catalogue of galaxies measured by the SDSS collaboration [2].
With their latest Cosmicflows-4 catalogue, they have just discovered an immense bubble of galaxies, a new fossil from the beginnings of our Universe, dating from the same period as the cosmic microwave background radiation. This is the first time that a remnant of a wave, witness to the primordial universe, has been measured individually in the distribution of galaxies.
These results have just been published in The Astrophysical Journal.
“Ho’oleilana: An Individual Baryon Acoustic Oscillation?” by R. Brent Tully, Cullan Howlett, and Daniel Pomarède, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 954, Number 2 https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aceaf3
CEA has delivered to CNES the flight version of the ECLAIRs instrument software for the SVOM satellite. This concludes a major instrumental development phase conducted by CEA over a period of 6 years to produce what is maybe one of the most complex software packages ever carried on a French scientific space instrument. The latest version of the software equips the ECLAIRs onboard computer, which departed to China in early 2023. It will be used during the satellite integration tests in Shanghai in preparation for the launch planned for early 2024. This software will analyse in real time the data from the instrument in flight, in order to detect gamma-ray bursts and localise them to better than 12 arcmin on the sky, to reorient automatically the satellite for follow-up observations, and to alert the scientific community.
To reveal the influence of the dark components of the Universe, over the next six years Euclid will be observing the shapes, distances and movements of billions of galaxies. This mapping will cover periods going back to the last 10 billion years of cosmic history, in order to gain a better understanding of where, when and how dark energy and matter - two key components of the universe that are still a mystery - act.
As a prelude to the mission, it was decided to illustrate the satellite's scientific and instrumental capabilities through a series of images of the nearby Universe. Jean-Charles Cuillandre, an astronomer in CEA/IRFU's astrophysics department, led this 'ERO' (Early Release Observations) campaign over several months, with a group of scientists from the Euclid collaboration and ESA, from the choice of the five astrophysical sources to image processing, from raw data to analysed images, combining the responses of the VIS (visible light) and NISP (near infrared) instruments.
The Euclid satellite, launched from Cape Canaveral on July 1st, is traveling to reach its orbit at the second Lagrange point, which it should reach in early August. This transit time has been used to commission Euclid, checking the satellite's services such as communications, power, and pointing, and then the two instruments, VIS and NISP, as well as fine-tuning the telescope's focus. The instrument teams have just released the first "raw" images (untreated) to mark the success of instrument commissioning.
Marc Sauvage (astrophysicist at DAp/Irfu and one of the two French representatives on the Euclid consortium council): "These images perfectly match what we had simulated, but in a simulation, we know that everything we see was deliberately placed there, so in a way, it's not surprising. Here, everything we see is real, and nothing we see was known at this level of detail; it makes us want to look into every corner, to enlarge everything to see as much detail as possible. And since there is a tremendous amount of detail in just these two images, it becomes dizzying!"
Michel Berthé (Euclid project leader at DAp/Irfu): "I am truly amazed by the beauty of these images and the amount of information that can be found in them. We are only at the very beginning of the analysis of these initial results, but they are already very promising.
All the teams at CEA who have worked for more than 10 years on the design, production, and testing of the elements we have provided for the VIS and NISP instruments are particularly proud of these initial results, which demonstrate the nominal operation of our supplies as well as the entire satellite."
CEA has delivered to CNES the flight version of the ECLAIRs instrument software for the SVOM satellite. This concludes a major instrumental development phase conducted by CEA over a period of 6 years to produce what is maybe one of the most complex software packages ever carried on a French scientific space instrument. The latest version of the software equips the ECLAIRs onboard computer, which departed to China in early 2023. It will be used during the satellite integration tests in Shanghai in preparation for the launch planned for early 2024. This software will analyse in real time the data from the instrument in flight, in order to detect gamma-ray bursts and localise them to better than 12 arcmin on the sky, to reorient automatically the satellite for follow-up observations, and to alert the scientific community.
The CEA and the DOE have a long and fruitful collaboration in many fields, including fusion, high-energy physics and nuclear physics, with ongoing projects bringing the two organisations together in these different areas.
On Monday 13 November 2023, CEA and DOE signed a “statement of interest” to strengthen their collaboration in accelerator and detector science and technology in preparation for the construction of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) based at Brookhaven National Laboratory.
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Dernière mise à jour : Nov 19th, 2024
