Atlas is one of the general purpose detectors which started operation in 2008 at the the CERN proton collider, to study the Higgs boson.
Goals:
Unifying the elementary constituants of matter and their interactions.
Atlas is one of the two general purpose detectors installed at the LHC which started operation in 2008. Atlas brings experimental physics into new territory. Discovering new processes and particles that change our understanding of energy and matter would be most exciting.
CMS is the detector of one of the 2 multi-purpose experiments out of the 4 experiments located at the LHC at CERN near Geneva. CMS is installed at point 5 in Cessy.
Main goals :
During the last decades, research in particle physics has made tremendous progress and succeeded in validating the theoretical framework called “Standard Model”.
The sky observed from the sea deeps
Overview
Most of our current knowledge of the Universe comes from the observation of photons.
Photons have many advantages as cosmic information carriers: they are copiously produced, they are stable and electrically neutral, they are easy to detect over a wide energy range, and their spectrum carries detailed information about the chemical and physical properties of the source.
Goal
The main goal of the experiment was to perform a complete study of CP violation (CP is the symmetry linking particules and antiparticules) in the system of B mesons.
More generally the experiment studied the physics of heavy flavors: mesons and baryons with a b or a c quark and tau leptons.
BOSS, eBOSS, DESI
Most of the content of the Universe, about 70%, is dominated by an energetic component that is neither matter nor radiation: dark energy. This mysterious component, first observed in 1998 with supernovae, revolutionized our vision of the evolution of the Universe and is one of the major discoveries of the end of the 20th century.
A characteristic scale of about 500 million light-years, acting as a "standard meter", is present in the distribution of matter on a cosmic scale.
Development of innovative detectors for Positron Emission Tomography
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful nuclear imaging technique used widely nowadays in oncology, cardiology and neuropsychiatry.
The PET technology consists in injecting the patient with a radioactive tracer, of interest to probe a biochemical process. The decay of the tracer emits a positron which annihilate with an electron. As a result of the annihilation, two photons with energy 511 keV are emitted back-to-back and registered by the dedicated detectors.
A new generation observatory to explore the high energy Universe.
Une nouvelle génération d'observatoire pour explorer l'Univers à haute énergie.
Presentation
The D0 experiment was located at the proton-antiproton Tevatron collider at the Fermilab laboratory (Chicago, USA). There was two data taking periods: Run I from 1992 to 1996 with a center of mass energy of 1.8 TeV, and Run II from 2001 to 2011 with a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV. Before the advent of the LHC, the Tevatron was the most energetic collider in the world and the only collider where the top quark as well as possibly a Higgs boson could be produced.
FELICE
FELICE (acronym for "Future Electron LInear Collider Experiment") is a group of physicists and engineers working for the physics and detectors at the ILC (International Linear Collider). An electron-positron linear collider, with a centre-of-mass energy up to 1 TeV, has been chosen by a majority of physicists worldwide as the big project in High Energy Physics, after the commissioning of the LHC at CERN.
Contact: Thierry Lasserre (thierry.lasserre@cea.fr)
Scientific goals :
Neutrinos are elementary particles produced abundantly in stars, in the Earth's atmosphere and in the cores of nuclear power plants. In 2006 CEA/IRFU and CNRS/IN2P3 have decided to officially launch the construction of the Double Chooz experiment. Two identical detectors are to be installed near the Chooz nuclear power plant, in the French Ardennes, at different distances from the reactors.
Objectives
The goal of Edelweiss is to detect the dark matter of our Galaxy through its interactions in detectors operated in underground laboratory.
The EROS experiment, searching for massive compact objects in our galaxy, showed that at most 7 % of our local missing mass could be accounted for by such objects, that is by ordinary matter.
Gravitational Behaviour of Antihydrogen at Rest
Aims:
One of the fundamental questions of today’s physics concerns the action of gravity upon antimatter. No experimental direct measurement had been successfully performed with antimatter particles in the 2010's. CERN has thus launched a research program with the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) allowing to prepare a measurement of the effect of gravity on antihydrogen atoms.
The primary aim of this experiment is to determine how antimatter reacts to gravity.
Exploring the High Energy gamma ray sky
H.E.S.S.
Exploring the High Energy gamma ray sky
H.E.S.S stands for "High Energy Stereoscopic System". This telescope system been designed and built by a large international collaboration which includes the DAPNIA as a member. This instrument is dedicated to the observation of high energy gamma ray sources with energies above a few tens of GeV.
Neutrinoless double beta decay is a very rare nuclear transition, whose existence can provide essential information about neutrino properties like the hierarchy and the absolute mass scale. If observed, this process will prove that the lepton number conservation law can be violated and that we need to extend the Standard Model.
a Quantum Solar Concentrator based on Rotating Photon Optical Fibers
Basic principle of a Solar Concentrator with Rotating Photons Optical Fibers
Coming from fundamental research on solar neutrino, the Solar Quantum Concentrator( CSQ) is a future low-cost and high efficiency solution for photovoltaic solar energy. CSQ is made of a carpet bundle of Rotating Photon Optical Fibers (FORP) trapping, converting and guiding solar light towards a photovoltaic cell.
A small ribbon of photovoltaic cell is put on the perimeter of the fiber carpet.
SNLS aimed at detecting type Ia supernovae at high redshift for cosmological studies. It belongs to the second generation of experiments in that field, launched after the unexpected discovery of the late acceleration of the Universe expansion rate by the first programs of type Ia supernovae at the end of the1990s.
SNLS used the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope (CFHT) of 3.6 m located on the Mauna Kea mountain in Hawaii. It was equipped with MegaCam, the large field CCD camera designed and built at Irfu.
T2K (Tokai to Kamioka) is the world leading experiment dedicated to the study of neutrino oscillations over a long distance using µ-neutrino and µ-anti-neutrino beams.
Neutrinos exist in three different types (called 'flavours'): νe, νμ and ντ. In the last fifteen to twenty years, several experiments have proven that neutrinos undergo a quantum mechanical phenomenon called 'oscillation', where neutrinos oscillate from one type to another.
